Vehicle security barrier and system for hostile vehicle mitigation

ABSTRACT

According to various aspects, the invention provides a vehicle security barrier apparatus ( 100; 200; 300; 400 ) comprising: (i) a support structure ( 50; 150; 250; 350 ) for being disposed at least partially below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect ( 70; 170; 270; 370 ) and an above-ground aspect ( 60; 160; 260; 360 ); (ii) a track ( 55; 155; 255; 355 ) provided at least in part within the support structure; (iii) at least three upright bollards ( 20   a,    20   b,    20   c,    20   d;    120   a,    120   b,    120   c,    120   d;    220   a,    220   b,    220   c,    220   d;  and  320   a,    320   b,    320   c,    320   d ) mounted to or partially within the support structure, wherein two bollards ( 20   a,    20   d;    120   a,    120   d;    220   a,    220   d;    320   a,    320   d ) of the at least three bollards are rigidly fixed to the support structure and at least one of said bollards ( 20   b,    20   c;    120   b,    120   c;    220   b,    220   c;    320   b,    320   c ) is movably coupled to the support structure; and (iv) a mounting structure ( 80; 180; 280; 380 ) anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure. The at least one moveable bollard being movably coupled to the track such that the at least one movable bollard is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards between a closed position, wherein the movable bollard is disposed between said two fixed bollards for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween; and an open position.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a vehicle security barrier and system which can be selectively deployed and retracted for allowing access only to authorised vehicles and preventing access to non-authorised vehicles. More particularly, but not exclusively, the vehicle security barrier is configured to protect against a vehicular-borne attack from a hostile vehicle when the vehicle security barrier is in its deployed or closed state. The invention is advantageous in a wide variety of application, and in particular where vehicular access by authorised vehicles is required from time to time, yet a secure robust protective barrier is required at other times.

Aspects of the invention relate to an installed vehicle security barrier system, to a vehicle security barrier unit, and to a method of reinforcing an installed vehicle security barrier system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Security barrier apparatus are known in the perimeter security industry. Such security barriers are used to control access to vehicles at a site entrance to safeguard the site from entry by unauthorised vehicles. Typically, such security barriers are used at office buildings and other commercial premises, at the perimeter of pedestrianised areas such as shopping regions, town or city centres and in similar suitable places to stop the passage of unauthorised vehicles.

In AU 2004201403 an adjustable vehicular access barrier is disclosed which comprises an adjustable bollard having a carriage housed within a surface mounted channel with ramped sides. The moveable bollard can be moved into a location to provide an obstruction to passage along said driveway, thus providing a degree of security and restriction to access by unauthorised vehicles. Whereas it is recognised in AU '403 that barriers may be used in the control of terrorist activities, the barrier taught in AU '403 focusses on the provision of a surface mounted, ramped security barrier for use on a driveway.

Since in more recent times, it has become of greater necessity to safeguard against vehicles being used as weapons, a number of standards that relate to vehicle security barriers (VSBs), have been devised. The purpose of theses VSBs is to stop a vehicle or at least resist a vehicle impact. The British Standards Institution (BSI) PAS 68 standard specifies impact performance for bollards and other VSBs. Similarly, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has established an International Workshop Agreement IWA 14-1:2013 which specifies the essential impact performance for a vehicle security barrier (VSB) and a test method for rating its performance when subjected to a single impact by a test vehicle not driven by a human being.

Accordingly, it will be recognised that there is a significant difference between having a simple openable and closeable security barrier on the one hand and an openable and closeable vehicle security barrier configured to protect against a vehicular-borne attack on the other that meets British and/or International agreed standards.

In EP2776631 to Heald Technologies Ltd, a security barrier apparatus is disclosed which comprises a supporting base and at least three upright bollards two of which are fixed to the base while one or more other bollards slide relative to the fixed bollards between open and closed positions so as to permit or inhibit the passage of a vehicle, respectively. In the closed position the bollards are in alignment with one another while in the open position the movable bollard is slid diagonally, out of alignment with an adjacent one of, the fixed bollards. The movable bollard(s) may be moved by a belt or driven by a motor along an elongate aperture. The Heald® system is marketed as the “Matador Sliding Bollards system” and has been very successful and even award winning. The design of the Heald® system allows for constant pedestrian access, when closed or open, and the automatic, diagonal sliding movement of, in some applications, only one bollard, can allow for automated access for permitted vehicles, such as service or emergency vehicles. The electric bollard systems however do require careful and frequent servicing and, in some situations, it is understood that the electronically driven, underground drive system, can fail creating problems whilst the barrier system is stuck, not-operational, in an open or closed state. The Heald® “Matador Sliding Bollards system” are among the most expensive products available in the perimeter security industry.

Accordingly, there is a need for an openable and closeable vehicle security barrier configured to protect against a vehicular-borne attack that is easy to maintain and service; reliable and not prone to breaking down; affordable; quick to install; and that requires only a shallow-mounting depth.

The present invention, seeks to provide an alternative to solution to that provided in EP '631 and/or an improvement in the field of perimeter security VSBs by providing an operable openable and closeable vehicle security barrier configured to protect against a vehicular-borne attack.

Aspects and components of the inventive vehicle security barrier system taught herein may be utilised in a variety of applications including temporary installations or surface mounted installations for events such as festivals, markets, outdoor events and concerts and the like; as well as permanent installations to protect against a vehicle deliberately and maliciously trying to impact a shop, house, school, or other building.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the invention, for which protection is sought, there is provided a security barrier system for hostile vehicle mitigation, the vehicle security barrier system comprising:

-   -   (i) a support structure for being disposed at least partially         below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect         and an above-ground aspect;     -   (i) a track provided at least in part within the support         structure;     -   (ii) at least three upright bollards being mounted to said         support structure, two of the at least three bollards being         rigidly fixed to the support structure and at least one of said         bollards being movably coupled to the support structure; and     -   (iii) a mounting structure anchored to the below-ground aspect         of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling         members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the         support structure;

the two fixed bollards being spaced apart from one another and defining a first axis therebetween; said at least one moveable bollard being movably coupled to the track such that the at least one movable bollard is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards between a closed position, wherein the movable bollard is disposed between said two fixed bollards for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween; and an open position, wherein said moveable bollard is moved along said first axis to a location along said track that is closer to one of the fixed bollards for permitting the passage of a vehicle.

Optionally, said support structure is a box-channel comprising a bottom wall, a first side wall a second side wall, first and second end closures and a top structure, wherein the first side wall is in opposing spaced relationship with the second side wall; wherein the below ground aspect of the support structure comprises the bottom wall, and at least a portion of the first and second side walls of the box channel; and wherein said series of coupling members of the mounting structure extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls.

Optionally, said coupling members of said series each comprise a plate comprising apertures for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars. Optionally, said coupling members are adjoined to the below ground aspect of the support structure and extend outward thereof at an angle of between about 45° and about 135° relative to said first axis. More specifically, but not exclusivity, said coupling members are adjoined to the below ground aspect of the support structure and extend transversely outward thereof at an angle of about 90° relative to said first axis.

Optionally, said coupling members of said series, each extend through a slot in the support structure and into an interior of the box channel, such that the coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls and an inner portion that extends into the box channel.

Optionally, at least some of said coupling members are plates formed of metal and comprise at least two apertures for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars of steel which extend in a direction parallel to the first axis.

Optionally, herein said series of coupling members comprises at least two coupling members and wherein a reinforcing bar of steel extends through an aperture in a first coupling member; and extends through an aperture in a second coupling member in a direction parallel to the first axis.

Optionally, the mounting structure anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure further comprises at least one footing plate adjoined to multiple ones of said coupling members.

Optionally, said coupling members are provided with a slot into which a footing plate is received for engagement of the coupling members to the footing plate; and wherein the coupling members are adjoined to the footing plate by being welded thereto.

Optionally, the mounting structure comprises a series of four spaced footing plates, wherein each of the four spaced footing plates is affixed to a set of five coupling members, wherein the five coupling members of each set are affixed to the first side wall of the support structure, and wherein each of the four spaced footing plates is affixed to the first side wall of the support structure.

Optionally, the five coupling members of each set, each extend through a slot in the first side wall and into an interior of the box channel and wherein the coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the first side wall and an inner portion that extends into the box channel.

Optionally, the mounting structure comprises a second series of four spaced footing plates, wherein each of the four spaced footing plates of the second series is affixed to a set of five coupling members, wherein the five coupling members of each set are affixed to the second side wall of the support structure, and wherein each of the four spaced footing plates of the second series is affixed to the second side wall of the support structure.

Optionally, the coupling members of each set of five coupling members affixed to a footing plate of the second series of footing plates, extend through a slot in the second side wall and into an interior of the box channel and wherein the coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the second side wall and an inner portion that extends into the box channel.

Optionally, said at least one moveable bollard is affixed to a carriage, which carriage engages said track within the box channel such that the moveable bollard is linearly moveable bi-directionally along said first axis.

Optionally, carriage comprises at least two spaced carriage plates, the carriage plates for coupling to the track provided at least in part within the box channel.

Optionally, the two spaced plates comprise a first carriage plate and a second carriage plate; and wherein the first carriage plate is disposed at an elevation that is above an elevation at which the second carriage plate is disposed such that the first carriage plate is further from the bottom wall of the box channel than the second carriage plate.

Optionally, the first carriage plate has a first width in a lateral direction between the first and second side walls of the box section; and wherein the second carriage plate has a second width in a lateral direction between the first and second side walls of the box section; and wherein the first width is less than said second width.

Optionally, the track comprises a first track section comprising a first guide means and a first translating means; and wherein first side portions of the first and second carriage plates are disposed at least partially within said first track section such that the first side portion of the first carriage plate is coupled to the first guide means; and such that the first side portion of the second carriage plate is coupled to the first translating means.

Optionally, the first side portion of the first carriage plate includes a first edge of the first carriage plate; wherein said first guide means comprises at least one wheel; and wherein said first edge of the first carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said at least one wheel for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, the first side portion of the second carriage plate includes a first underside portion of the second carriage plate proximate to said first edge; wherein said first translating means comprises at least one roller; and wherein said first underside portion of the second carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said roller for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, the track comprises a second track section comprising a second guide means and a second translating means; and wherein second side portions of the first and second carriage plates are disposed at least partially within said second track section such that the second side portion of the first carriage plate is coupled to the second guide means; and such that the second side portion of the second carriage plate is coupled to the second translating means.

Optionally, the second side portion of the first carriage plate includes a second edge of the first carriage plate; wherein said second guide means comprises at least one wheel; and wherein said second edge of the first carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said at least one wheel for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, the second side portion of the second carriage plate includes a second underside portion of the second carriage plate proximate to said second edge; wherein said second translating means comprises at least one roller; and wherein said second underside portion of the second carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said roller for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, the track comprises a first track section comprising a first top wall, which first top wall forms part of said top structure of the box channel; wherein a first roller assembly is attached to said moveable bollard and is coupled to the said first top wall such that said first top wall of the first track section contacts a circumferential surface of said first roller assembly for guiding the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, the track comprises a second track section comprising a second top wall, which second top wall forms part of said top structure of the box channel; wherein a second roller assembly is attached to said moveable bollard and is coupled to the second top wall such that said second top wall of the second track section contacts a circumferential surface of said second roller assembly for guiding the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Optionally, a number, for example, at least four, about twenty or more, of said coupling members of said series, each extend through a slot in the support structure and into an interior of the box channel, such that said coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the first side wall and an inner portion that extends into the box channel; wherein said first track section is disposed alongside and/or comprises a portion of said first side wall of the box channel; and wherein said inner portion of the said coupling members is disposed immediately beneath and supports said first track section.

Additionally, or alternatively, a number, for example, at least four, about twenty or more, of said coupling members of said series, each extend through a slot in the support structure and into an interior of the box channel, such that said coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the second side wall and an inner portion that extends into the box channel; wherein said second track section is disposed alongside and/or comprises a portion of said second side wall of the box channel; and wherein said inner portion of the said coupling members is disposed immediately beneath and supports said second track section.

Optionally, the vehicle security barrier apparatus described above, may comprise two moveable bollards.

According to a further aspect, the invention provides a kit of parts for assembling the vehicle security barrier apparatus of any of the relevant preceding paragraphs. To form such a VSB, the kit may comprise:

-   -   (i) a support structure for being disposed at least partially         below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect         and an above-ground aspect;     -   (ii) a track provided at least in part within the support         structure;     -   (iii) at least three upright bollards for being mounted to said         support structure, two of the at least three bollards for being         rigidly fixed to the support structure and at least one of said         bollards for being movably coupled to the support structure; and     -   (iv) a mounting structure for being anchored to the below-ground         aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of         coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of         the support structure;

where, in an assembled state, the two fixed bollards are spaced apart from one another and define a first axis therebetween; said at least one moveable bollard is movably coupled to the track such that the at least one movable bollard is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards between a closed position, wherein the movable bollard is disposed between said two fixed bollards for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween; and an open position, wherein said moveable bollard is moved along said first axis to a location along said track that is closer to one of the fixed bollards for permitting the passage of a vehicle.

According to another aspect of the invention for which protection is sought, there is provided the vehicle security barrier apparatus according to any of the relevant preceding when installed at a site perimeter, the support structure being disposed at least partially below a ground level; the mounting structure being anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure; a series of reinforced steel bars extending through said coupling members; and the mounting structure being embedded below ground by means of a concrete or suitable hardening resin compound. Such an apparatus may also be provided with one or more additional VSB apparatus comprising:

a support structure for being disposed at least partially below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect and an above-ground aspect;

an optional track provided at least in part within the support structure;

at least two upright bollards, and preferably about three or four upright bollards, all being rigidly fixed to the support structure, and optionally installed therein and affixed thereto utilising said optional track; and

a mounting structure anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure. It will be recognised that such a system may be installed along a site perimeter where free movement of pedestrians is required, yet passage of vehicles is restricted permanently along the majority of the perimeter and selectively allowed for authorised vehicles only, by authorised personnel only, in the region of the at least one moveable bollard.

Within the scope of this application it is expressly intended that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and/or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and/or combination, unless such features are incompatible. The applicant reserves the right to change any originally filed claim or file any new claim accordingly, including the right to amend any originally filed claim to depend from and/or incorporate any feature of any other claim although not originally claimed in that manner.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a section of a vehicle security barrier system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein a four-bollard vehicle security barrier is shown in a “closed” or “deployed” state and in an uninstalled condition;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 1 , wherein the four-bollard vehicle security barrier is shown in an “open” or “retracted” state (and in an uninstalled condition);

FIG. 3 is an end-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;

FIG. 4 is a top-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 1 in the “closed” or “deployed” state and in an uninstalled condition;

FIG. 5 is a front-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 1 in the “closed” or “deployed” state and in an uninstalled condition;

FIG. 6 is a top-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 2 in the “open” or “retracted” state and in an uninstalled condition;

FIG. 7 is a front-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 2 in the “open” or “retracted” state and in an uninstalled condition;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a section of a vehicle security barrier system according to a second embodiment of the invention, shown in the “closed” or “deployed” state;

FIG. 9 is a top-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 8 in the “closed” or “deployed” state;

FIG. 9 is a front-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 8 ;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view, based on the line A-A shown in FIG. 9 , albeit with reinforcing bar (rebar) also shown;

FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view through the line A-A shown in FIG. 9 ;

FIG. 11B is an enlarged view of denoted section of FIG. 11A;

FIG. 12 shows a top plan view of a moveable-section of a vehicle security barrier system according to a third embodiment of the invention, wherein a series of four bollards are mounted within a support structure in a closed state and wherein two moveable bollards are provided between two fixed bollards;

FIG. 13 is a front-view of the moveable-bollard section of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 23 ;

FIG. 14 is an end-view of a moveable-bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIGS. 12 and 13 ; and

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of the moveable-section of the vehicle security barrier system according to the third embodiment of the invention of FIGS. 12 to 14 , wherein the series of four bollards mounted within the support structure are in a closed state.

FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of the fixed-section of the vehicle security barrier system according to the third embodiment of the invention of FIGS. 12 to 15 , wherein the series of four bollards mounted within the support structure are in a fixed state;

FIG. 17 shows a top plan view of a fixed-section of a vehicle security barrier system according to a third embodiment of the invention, wherein a series of four bollards are mounted within a support structure in a fixed state and cannot be moved;

FIG. 18 is a front-view of the fixed-bollard section of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 16 ;

FIG. 19 is an end-view of a fixed-bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIGS. 16 and 17 ;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a section of a vehicle security barrier system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, shown in the “closed” or “deployed” state and shown uninstalled;

FIG. 21A is a top-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 20 in the “closed” or “deployed” state;

FIG. 21B is a front-view of the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 13 ;

FIG. 22A is a top view of a moveable bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 20 ;

FIG. 22B is a perspective view of a moveable bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 20 ;

FIG. 23A is an end-view of the bollard of FIGS. 22A and 22B;

FIG. 23B is an enlarged view of denoted section ‘C’ of FIG. 23A;

FIG. 24A is a cross-sectional view through the line A-A shown in FIG. 24B;

FIG. 24B is an end-view of a moveable bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 20 ;

FIG. 24C is a front-view of a moveable bollard in the vehicle security barrier system of FIG. 20 ;

FIG. 24D is a cross-sectional view through the line B-B shown in FIG. 24C; and

FIG. 25 is an exploded view of the bollard of FIG. 24C;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Detailed descriptions of specific embodiments of the vehicle security barrier systems, vehicle security barrier kits, site protection installations, bollards, carriages and methods of the present invention are disclosed herein. It will be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the way in which certain aspects of the invention can be implemented and do not represent an exhaustive list of all of the ways the invention may be embodied. Indeed, it will be understood that the vehicle security barrier systems, bollards and methods described herein may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The Figures are not necessarily to scale and some features may be exaggerated or minimised to show details of particular components. Well-known components, materials or methods are not necessarily described in great detail in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure. Any specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the invention.

Reference is made to the Figures, wherein: FIGS. 1 to 7 illustrate a first embodiment; FIGS. 8 to 11B illustrate a second embodiment; FIGS. 12 to 19 illustrate a third embodiment and FIGS. 20 to 25 illustrate a further embodiment were the support structure is shallower mounted (beneficially, this may avoid any interference with sub-terranean utilities and services). In the Figures, similar reference numerals have been used for similar features in the differing illustrated embodiments, albeit the numbers may be increased by a factor of “100”, “200” and “300” to indicate that the reference features are associated with a differently illustrated embodiment.

As will become apparent upon reading the foregoing certain features illustrated and indicated in the embodiments may be excluded, altered or removed without departing from the beneficial and advantageous vehicle security barrier shown therein. Furthermore, certain features illustrated and indicated in certain embodiments may be combined with other compatible features shown in other embodiments,

In the optional illustrated embodiments, many component parts are formed from steel, stainless steel or similar strength metal. It will be recognised that where a particular material, such as steel, stainless steel, reinforced steel bar, is described, equivalent or alternative, suitable materials may be substituted without necessarily departing from the scope of the invention disclosed. Similarly, where it is described that features, such as the supporting structure and mounting structure, are embedded below ground and secured robustly below ground using, for example concrete, it will be recognised that other suitable or equivalent, compounds, resins, material mixtures and/or adhesives may be substituted without necessarily departing from the scope of the invention disclosed.

Referring generally to the first, second, third and fourth illustrated embodiments collectively, a vehicle security barrier (VSB) apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400 is shown which comprises a support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 for being disposed at least partially below ground. Optionally in most arrangements at least a substantial portion, if not all of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 is embedded within the ground. The support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 in the illustrated arrangements, optionally has a below ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 and an above-ground aspect 60, 160, 260, 360. A track 55, 155, 255, 355 is provided at least in part within the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350.

At least three upright bollards 20 a, 20 b, 20 c, 20 d; 120 a, 120 b, 120 c, 120 d; 220 a, 220 b, 220 c, 220 d; and 320 a, 320 b, 320 c, 320 d are mounted to or partially within the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350. Two bollards 20 a, 20 d; 120 a, 120 d; 220 a, 220 d; 320 a, 320 d of the at least three bollards 20 a, 20 b, 20 c, 20 d; 120 a, 120 b, 120 c, 120 d; 220 a, 220 b, 220 c, 220 d; and 320 a, 320 b, 320 c, 320 d are rigidly fixed to the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 and at least one of said bollards 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c is movably coupled to the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350. In the illustrated embodiments, the VSB apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400 shown optionally has two moveable bollards 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c.

A mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 is anchored to the below-ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350. The mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 enables the VSB apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400 to withstand an impact from a vehicular borne attack and without wanting to be limited to any particular theory, it is considered that the mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 adds significant strength and robustness such that upon impact from a vehicle (now shown) as the VSB apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400 absorbs and the kinetic energy, the mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380, particularly that on the opposite side of the VSB apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400 to the impact, may to some extent dissipate force into the ground. The mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 may be disposed predominantly on an “attack side”, however, an aspect of the mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 may be provided on both the “attack side” and a “protected side”. In the fourth illustrated embodiment, a full mounting structure 380 is provided on both sides of the VSB apparatus 400. In this way, should a hostile vehicle be located on the “protected side” and attempt to escape back through the VSB 400, then the mounting structure 380 provided on both sides could serve to absorb, resist and withstand the impact from that direction as well.

The mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 comprises a series of coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a extending outward of the below-ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 ; 8 to 11 b; 12 to 15; and 20-25, the two fixed bollards 20 a, 20 d, 120 a, 120 d, 220 a, 220 d, 320 a, 320 d are spaced apart from one another and define a first (notional) axis (see ‘D’ in FIGS. 1 and 2 ) therebetween. The at least one moveable bollard (in the present examples the two moveable bollards) 20 b, 20 c, 120 b, 120 c, 220 b, 220 c, 320 b, 320 c are movably coupled to the track 55, 155, 255, 355 such that the movable bollard(s) 20 b, 120 b, 120 c, 220 b, 220 c, 320 b, 320 c is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards 20 a, 120 a, 120 d, 220 a, 220 d, 320 a, 320 d between a closed position and an open position.

The closed position is shown in FIGS. 1,4 and 5 with respect to the first embodiment; in FIGS. 8 and 9 with respect to the second embodiment; in FIGS. 12, 13 and 15 with respect to the third embodiment; and in FIGS. 20, 21A and 21B with respect to the fourth embodiment. The open position is shown in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7 with respect to the first embodiment. It will be understood that the open condition of the second, third and fourth embodiments, whilst not explicitly illustrated is similar to that of the open position in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7 .

As shown, in the closed position the movable bollard(s) 20 b, 20 c, 120 b, 120 c, 220 b, 220 c, 320 b, 320 c is disposed between the two fixed bollards 20 a, 20 d, 120 a, 120 d, 220 a, 220 d, 320 a, 320 d for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween. In the open position, the moveable bollard(s) 20 b, 20 c, 120 b, 120 c, 220 b, 220 c, 320 b, 320 c is moved along said first axis (‘D’) to a location along said track 55, 155, 255, 355 that is closer to one of the fixed bollards for permitting the passage of a vehicle.

The two moveable bollards 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c preferably, but nevertheless optionally, can be arranged to move away from each other along the first axis (‘D’) in opposite directions into the open position as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 6 and 7 . In other arrangements where more than one moveable bollard 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c is provided, the moveable bollards 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c may optionally move toward the same fixed bollard 20 a, 20 d, 120 a, 120 d, 220 a, 220 d, 320 a, 320 d when moving from the closed to the open position, in an asymmetrical arrangement. In the presently illustrated examples, two moveable bollards 20 b, 20 c; 120 b, 120 c; 220 b, 220 c; 320 b, 320 c move away from each other along the first axis in opposite directions.

The support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 comprises a box-channel having a bottom wall 51, 151, 251, 351, a first side wall 52, 152, 252, 352 a second side wall 53, 153, 253, 353, first and second end closures 54, 154, 254, 354 and a top structure 55, 155, 255, 355, The first side wall 52, 152, 252, 352 is in opposing spaced relationship with the second side wall 53, 153, 253, 353. The below ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 comprises the bottom wall 51, 151, 251, 351, and at least a portion of the first and second side walls 52, 152, 252, 352; 53, 153, 253, 353 of the box channel. The series of coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a of the mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls 52, 152, 252, 352; 53, 153, 253, 353.

As illustrated, the coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a of said series each comprise a plate comprising apertures ‘A’ for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars 74 l, 174 l, 274 l, 374 l. The reinforcing bars 74 l, 174 l, 274 l, 374 l may extend in a longitudinal direction (parallel with the first axis ‘D’). The reinforcing bars 74 l, 174 l, 274 l, 374 l may be steel, threaded steel and may be continuous (i.e. bent at the ends and returning back through other apertures ‘A’—not shown). Optionally in some embodiments, the diameter of the reinforcing bars 74 l, 174 l, 274 l, 374 l may be in the region of 16 mm. In addition to the longitudinally extending reinforcing bars 74 l, 174 l, 274 l, 374 l the mounting structure 80, 180, 280, 380 may comprise transverse reinforcing bars 74 t, 174 t, 274 t, 374 t.

Referring again to FIGS. 1, 8, 12 and 29 , it can be seen that the coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a are adjoined to the below ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350. Additionally, it can be seen how the coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a extend outward thereof, at an angle of between about 45° and about 135° relative to said first axis ‘D’. As shown in FIG. 1 for example, the coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a may be adjoined to the below ground aspect 70, 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 50, 150, 250, 350 and may extend substantially transversely, outward thereof at an angle of about 90° relative to said first axis ‘D’. The coupling members 62 a may be rectangular or have a rectangular aspect. The coupling members 62 b may comprise only one aperture ‘A’. The coupling members 62 c may be polygonal, see for example the five-sided shaped coupling members 62 c at the ends of the series of coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 62 shown in FIG. 1 . The coupling members 62 a, 62 b, 162 a, 262 a, 362 a may be steel plates having a thickness in the region of 15 mm to 30 mm.

Referring now in particular to the second, third and fourth embodiments illustrated in FIG. 8 onwards, it can be seen that the coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a, each extend through a slot in the support structure 150, 250, 350 and into an interior of the box channel. The coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a whilst preferably unitary, plate-like steel members, may be considered as having: an outer portion 162O, 262O, 362O that extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls 152, 252, 352; 153, 253, 353 of the box channel; and an inner portion 162 l, 262 l, 362 l that extends into the box channel. As shown in FIGS. 8, 15 and 20 (for example) the coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a are plates formed of metal (steel) and comprise at least two apertures for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars 174 l, 274 l, 374 l of steel which extend in a direction parallel to the first axis ‘D’. Optionally, the coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a comprise 6 apertures ‘A’ arranged in two rows of three apertures ‘A’ each.

The series of coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a comprises at least two coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a and the reinforcing bar 174 l, 274 l, 374 l (of steel) extends through an aperture in a first coupling member; and extends through an aperture in a second coupling member in a direction parallel to the first axis.

As shown in FIGS. 8, 15 and 20 (for example), the mounting structure 180, 280, 380 anchored to the below-ground aspect 170, 270, 370 of the support structure 150, 250, 350 further comprises at least one footing plate 163, 263, 363 adjoined to multiple ones of said coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a. See FIGS. 9, 12 and 23B.

In the second, third and fourth embodiments, sets of coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a are each provided with a slot ‘S’ (see FIG. 11B) into which the footing plate 163, 263, 363 is received for location and secure engagement of the coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a to the footing plate 163, 263, 363. The coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a are adjoined to the footing plate 163, 263, 363, optionally by being welded thereto.

As shown in FIGS. 8, 15 and 20 the mounting structure comprises four footing plates 163, 263, 363. Each of the four footing plates 163, 263, 363 may be spaced from the other footing places 163, 263, 363. Each of the footing plates is affixed to a set of coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a. Optionally, each footing plate 163, 253, 363 is affixed to a set of five coupling members. As shown in FIGS. 11B, 15, 19, 20 and 21A the coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a of each set are affixed to the first side wall 152, 252, 352 of the support structure 150, 250, 350. Furthermore, the four spaced footing plates 163, 253, 363 are also affixed, optionally welded, to the first side wall 152, 252, 352 of the support structure 150, 250, 350.

As described above, in the presently illustrated arrangements, the five coupling members 162 a, 262 a, 362 a of each set, each extend through a slot in the first side wall 152, 252, 352 and into an interior of the box channel. As such the coupling members 152, 252, 352 have an outer portion 162O, 262O, 362O that extends outwardly of the first side wall 152, 252, 352 and an inner portion 162 l, 262 l, 362 l that extends into the box channel. Referring to Figure it can be seen that the track 155 comprises a first track section 155 and where the coupling members 162 a extend through a slot in the first side wall 152 of the support structure 150 and into an interior of the box channel, those coupling members 162 a have an outer portion 162O that extends outwardly of the first side wall 152 and an inner portion 162 l that extends into the box channel. The first track section 155 is disposed alongside and/or comprises a portion of said first side wall 152 of the box channel and the inner portion 162 l of the coupling member 162 a is disposed immediately beneath and supports said first track section 155.

Similarly, in some arrangements, and again as shown in FIG. 10 , the vehicle security barrier apparatus 200 comprises coupling members 162 a extending through a slot in the second side wall 153 and into an interior of the box channel. In this way an outer portion 162O extends outwardly of the second side wall 153 and an inner portion 162 l that extends into the box channel supports a second track section 155 that is disposed alongside and/or comprises a portion of that second side wall 153. The inner portion 162 l of the said coupling member 162 a is disposed immediately beneath and supports that second track section 155.

Reference is now made to FIG. 10 wherein it can be seen that a moveable bollard 120 b is affixed to a carriage 165/167. The carriage 165/167 engages the track 155 within the box channel 150 such that the moveable bollard 120 b is linearly moveable bi-directionally along said first axis (‘D’). Optionally, the carriage 165/167 comprises at least two spaced carriage plates 156, 167 for coupling to first and second track portions 155 provided at least in part within the box channel 150. Optionally, the carriage may comprise additional plates, for example a top plate 119 b; and a third lower most or bottom plate 169. The bottom plate 169 may slide along the bottom wall 151 of the box channel 150; and the top plate 119 b if provided may serve to close the top of the box channel 150 and as such form part of the top structure of the box channel and/or part of the above-ground aspect 160.

As best seen in FIG. 10 , the first carriage plate 165 is disposed at an elevation that is above an elevation at which the second carriage plate 167 such that the first carriage plate 165 is further from the bottom wall 151 of the box channel 150 than the second carriage plate 167. The first carriage plate 165 has a first width in a lateral direction between the first and second side walls 152, 153 of the box section 150; and the second carriage plate 167 has a second, different, width in that lateral direction. The first width of the first carriage plate 165 is less than the second width of the second carriage plate 167.

As also depicted in FIG. 10 , the track 155 comprises a first track section 155 a comprising a first guide means ‘W’ and a first translating means ‘R’. Optionally, first side portions of the first and second carriage plates 165, 167 are disposed at least partially within said first track section 155 a such that the first side portion of the first carriage plate 165 is coupled to the first guide means ‘W’; and such that the first side portion of the second carriage plate 167 is coupled to the first translating means ‘R’. The first side portion of the first carriage plate 165 includes a first edge 165 e and said first guide means comprises at least one wheel ‘W’. The first edge 165 e of the first carriage plate 165 contacts a circumferential surface of said at least one wheel ‘W’ for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard 120 b when the moveable bollard 120 b is transitioned between said open and closed positions. The first side portion of the second carriage plate 167 includes a first underside portion 167 s proximate to said first edge and the first translating means ‘R’ comprises at least one roller ‘R’. When the first underside portion 167 s of the second carriage plate 167 contacts a circumferential surface of said roller ‘R’ the carriage can be guided and can travel relatively freely and thereby the moveable bollard 120 b can be transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Similarly, in the embodiment of FIG. 10 , the track 155 comprises a second track section 155 b that comprises a second guide means ‘W’ and a second translating means ‘R’. Again, second side portions of the first and second carriage plates are disposed at least partially within said second track section 155 b such that the second side portion of the first carriage plate is coupled to the second guide means; and such that the second side portion of the second carriage plate is coupled to the second translating means. Optionally as per the first side already described, the second side portion of the first carriage plate 165 includes a second edge 165 e of the first carriage plate 165 and the second guide means also comprises at least one wheel ‘W’. When said second edge 165 e of the first carriage plate 165 contacts a circumferential surface of said at least one wheel ‘W’, the carriage can be guided and can travel relatively freely and thereby the moveable bollard can be transitioned between said open and closed positions. Further similarly, the second side portion of the second carriage plate 167 includes a second underside portion 167 s of the second carriage plate 167 and the second translating means also comprises at least one roller ‘R’ such that when said second underside portion 167 s of the second carriage plate 167 contacts a circumferential surface of the roller, the carriage guides and travels and thereby can assist movement of the moveable bollard 120 b when the moveable bollard 120 b is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

Referring now to the fourth embodiment of FIGS. 20 to 25 , it can be seen, particularly in FIGS. 23A and 23B that the track 355 comprises a first track section comprising a first top wall 314 a. The first top wall 314 a forms part of said top structure of the above ground aspect 160. A first roller assembly 301 a is attached to the moveable bollard 320 b and is coupled to the first top wall 314 a such that said first top wall 314 a of the first track section contacts a circumferential surface of said first roller assembly 301 a for guiding the moveable bollard 320 a when the moveable bollard 320 a is transitioned between said open and closed positions. By mounting the roller assembly within the above ground aspect 160, the below ground aspect may be a shallower depth and beneficially can be installed in locations where interference with sub-terranean services and utilities (including data comms) may be an issue.

As shown in FIG. 23B, the track comprises a second track section comprising a second top wall 314 b. The second top wall 314 b forms part of said top structure of the above ground aspect 160. A second roller assembly 301 b is attached to the moveable bollard 320 b and is coupled to the second top wall 314 b such said second top wall 314 b of the second track section contacts a circumferential surface of said second roller assembly 301 b for guiding the moveable bollard 320 b when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.

The roller mechanisms and bollard 320 b are shown in additional detail in FIGS. 24A-D and FIG. 25 . In this optional arrangement, the moveable bollard 320 b is optionally provided with a reinforcing structure 320R that is directly coupled to three carriage plates 365/367. Optionally such a reinforcing structure 320R may comprise a primary panel 391 and one or more cross members 393, 395. A top plate 394 and top bar 296 may also be included. The carriage plates 365/367 can be slotted, located and welded to the bottom of the primary panel 391 and one or more cross members 393, 395 as indicated in FIGS. 24A to 24D

Furthermore it can be seen (see FIGS. 20, 21A and 21B) that the mounting structure 380 comprises a second series of four spaced footing plates 363, wherein each of the four spaced footing plates 363 of the second series is affixed to a set of five coupling members 362 a; and the five coupling members 362 a of each set are affixed (welded) to the second side wall 353 of the support structure 350. Each of the four spaced footing plates 363 of the second series is affixed to the second side wall 353 of the support structure 350. Again, the coupling members 362 a of each set of five coupling members 362 a affixed to the footing plate 363 extend through a slot in the second side wall 353 and into an interior of the box channel such that an inner portion 362 l extends into the box channel.

In use the VSB 400 of FIGS. 20 to 25 may serve to protect against an attack from a hostile vehicle driven at the barrier 400 from either side.

It will be recognised that as used herein, directional references such as “top”, “bottom”, “front”, “back”, “end”, “side”, “inner”, “outer”, “upper” and “lower” do not necessarily limit the respective components to such orientation, but may merely serve to distinguish these components from one another.

It will be recognised that as used herein, the term “vehicle security barrier” refers to a device for hostile vehicle mitigation the purpose of which is to stop, halt or otherwise arrest the free passage of a vehicle or at least resist a vehicle impact. 

1. A vehicle security barrier apparatus comprising: (i) a support structure for being at least partially below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect and an above-ground aspect; (ii) a track provided at least in part within the support structure; (iii) at least three upright bollards being mounted to said support structure, two of the at least three bollards being rigidly fixed to the support structure and at least one of said bollards being movably coupled to the support structure; and (iv) a mounting structure anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure; the two fixed bollards being spaced apart from one another and defining a first axis therebetween; said at least one moveable bollard being movably coupled to the track such that the at least one movable bollard is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards between a closed position, wherein the movable bollard is disposed between said two fixed bollards for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween; and an open position, wherein said moveable bollard is moved along said first axis to a location along said track that is closer to one of the fixed bollards for permitting the passage of a vehicle.
 2. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said support structure is a box-channel comprising a bottom wall, a first side wall a second side wall, first and second end closures and a top structure, wherein the first side wall is in opposing spaced relationship with the second side wall; wherein the below ground aspect of the support structure comprises the bottom wall, and at least a portion of the first and second side walls of the box channel; and wherein said series of coupling members of the mounting structure extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls.
 3. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said coupling members of said series each comprise a plate comprising apertures for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars.
 4. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said coupling members are adjoined to the below ground aspect of the support structure and extend outward thereof at an angle of between about 45° and about 135° relative to said first axis.
 5. (canceled)
 6. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said coupling members of said series, each extend through a slot in the support structure and into an interior of the box channel, such that the coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the first and/or second side walls and an inner portion that extends into the box channel.
 7. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 4, wherein at least some of said coupling members are plates formed of metal and comprise at least two apertures for receiving or having received therein reinforcing bars of steel which extend in a direction parallel to the first axis.
 8. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said series of coupling members comprises at least two coupling members and wherein a reinforcing bar of steel extends through an aperture in a first coupling member; and extends through an aperture in a second coupling member in a direction parallel to the first axis.
 9. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the mounting structure anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure further comprises at least one footing plate adjoined to multiple ones of said coupling members.
 10. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said coupling members are provided with a slot into which a footing plate is received for engagement of the coupling members to the footing plate; and wherein the coupling members are adjoined to the footing plate by being welded thereto. 11-14. (canceled)
 15. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to 1, wherein said at least one moveable bollard is affixed to a carriage, which carriage engages said track within the box channel such that the moveable bollard is linearly moveable bi-directionally along said first axis.
 16. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said carriage comprises at least two spaced carriage plates, the carriage plates for coupling to the track provided at least in part within the box channel.
 17. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the two spaced plates comprise a first carriage plate and a second carriage plate; and wherein the first carriage plate is disposed at an elevation that is above an elevation at which the second carriage plate is disposed such that the first carriage plate is further from the bottom wall of the box channel than the second carriage plate.
 18. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the first carriage plate has a first width in a lateral direction between the first and second side walls of the box section; and wherein the second carriage plate has a second width in a lateral direction between the first and second side walls of the box section; and wherein the first width is less than said second width.
 19. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the track comprises a first track section comprising a first guide means and a first translating means; and wherein first side portions of the first and second carriage plates are disposed at least partially within said first track section such that the first side portion of the first carriage plate is coupled to the first guide means; and such that the first side portion of the second carriage plate is coupled to the first translating means.
 20. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the first side portion of the first carriage plate includes a first edge of the first carriage plate; wherein said first guide means comprises at least one wheel; and wherein said first edge of the first carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said at least one wheel for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.
 21. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the first side portion of the second carriage plate includes a first underside portion of the second carriage plate proximate to said first edge; wherein said first translating means comprises at least one roller; and wherein said first underside portion of the second carriage plate contacts a circumferential surface of said roller for guiding the carriage and thereby the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions. 22-24. (canceled)
 25. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the track comprises a first track section comprising a first top wall, which first top wall forms part of said top structure of the box channel; wherein a first roller assembly is attached to said moveable bollard and is coupled to the said first top wall such that said first top wall of the first track section contacts a circumferential surface of said first roller assembly for guiding the moveable bollard when the moveable bollard is transitioned between said open and closed positions.
 26. (canceled)
 27. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to and claim 16, wherein a number of said coupling members of said series, each extend through a slot in the support structure and into an interior of the box channel, such that said coupling members have an outer portion that extends outwardly of the first side wall and an inner portion that extends into the box channel; wherein said first track section is disposed alongside and/or comprises a portion of said first side wall of the box channel; and wherein said inner portion of the said coupling members is disposed immediately beneath and supports said first track section. 28-29. (canceled)
 30. A kit of parts for assembling the vehicle security barrier apparatus of claim 1, the kit comprising: (i) a support structure for being disposed at least partially below ground, the support structure having a below ground aspect and an above-ground aspect; (ii) a track provided at least in part within the support structure; (iii) at least three upright bollards for being mounted to said support structure, two of the at least three bollards for being rigidly fixed to the support structure and at least one of said bollards for being movably coupled to the support structure; and (iv) a mounting structure for being anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure; where, in an assembled state, the two fixed bollards are spaced apart from one another and define a first axis therebetween; said at least one moveable bollard is movably coupled to the track such that the at least one movable bollard is moveable relative to the two fixed bollards between a closed position, wherein the movable bollard is disposed between said two fixed bollards for inhibiting the passage of a vehicle therebetween; and an open position, wherein said moveable bollard is moved along said first axis to a location along said track that is closer to one of the fixed bollards for permitting the passage of a vehicle.
 31. The vehicle security barrier apparatus according to claim 1, when installed at a site perimeter, the support structure being disposed at least partially below a ground level; the mounting structure being anchored to the below-ground aspect of the support structure and comprising a series of coupling members extending outward of the below-ground aspect of the support structure; a series of reinforced steel bars extending through said coupling members; and the mounting structure being embedded below ground by means of a concrete or suitable hardening resin compound. 